The accelerated construction of the industrial Internet and others has given rise to the widespread application of industrial robots in smart cities and intelligent factories. The intellectualization of industrial robots means enabling robots to have senses and perceptions, and to quickly and accurately detect and judge various complex information. With the progress of technologies such as execution and control, autonomous learning, and intelligent development, robots will gradually develop from pre - programmed, teach - playback control, direct control, and teleoperation modes of operation to autonomous learning and autonomous operation. Manufacturing industrial robots through standardized modular assembly will become a trend. Currently, various countries are researching, developing, and evolving modular robots, which will be assembled from standardized components of industrial robots such as servo motors, sensors, arms, wrists, and fuselages. Japan is in a leading position in several key technologies of industrial robots. At present, the United States can only be on par with Japan in aspects such as 3D vision control, and China can only match in areas such as painting trajectory planning technology. In more critical fields such as harmonic reducers, RV reducers, welding tongs, and weld seam tracking, Japan has an advantage, with nearly or more than 70% of the patents belonging to Japan. The new infrastructure has brought an industrial revolution in the manufacturing industry, and the main force promoting the technological innovation of industrial robots in China has gradually shifted from universities and research institutions to enterprises. Collaborating with robot manufacturers in the micro - transmission system and joint components enables robots to achieve intelligent and technological development. Through the analysis of the robot joint structure and the imagination and testing of the movement principle, the structure of the joint servo motor is optimized to make the joint servo motor more flexible. A high - torque and small - volume joint motor can move better in a narrow space. Combining market demands with product research and development can continuously meet the differentiated needs of robot customers for product upgrades.

As is well - known, an intelligent robot is a mechatronic product composed of three major parts and six subsystems. The three major parts are the mechanical part, the sensing part, and the control part. The six subsystems are the drive system, the mechanical structure system, the control system, the human - machine interaction system, the sensing system, and the robot - environment interaction system. An industrial robot is a multi - joint manipulator or multi - degree - of - freedom robot oriented to the industrial field. It is a machine device that automatically executes tasks and can achieve various functions relying on its own power and control capabilities.

The motor is a crucial part of the intelligent robot industry chain, and the robot joint is one of the components used on the robot arm. With the wide application of robot joints, the robot arm urgently needs product upgrades, which also puts forward higher requirements for motors. Existing robot arm motors generally have problems such as a large number of specifications, small batch sizes, poor part versatility, high costs, and unstable quality and reliability. The range of tasks that a robot arm can complete is limited by its own mechanical structure. Using a reduction motor and optimizing the structure of the robot arm is one of the key technologies to solve this problem.

Collaborating robot manufacturers optimize the structure of the robot arm gearbox motor in the micro - transmission system. Through the development of wear - resistant material technology, processing technology optimization technology, lubrication technology, assembly technology, reliability and life - testing technology, and the exploration of transmission mechanisms, high - efficiency and low - weight reducers (gearboxes) suitable for robot arm applications are developed, enabling them to have characteristics such as long lifespan, stable operation, and high precision. This prevents the wear and entanglement of the control cables of the robot arm, better meets the transmission needs of six - degree - of - freedom robots, and greatly improves the performance of intelligent robots in aspects such as perception and recognition, mechanism and transmission, control and interaction.

With the promulgation and implementation of a series of industrial incentive policies, China has regarded breaking through the key core technologies of robots as an important strategy for scientific and technological development, and has continuously strengthened its support for the development of precision reducers.